Eczema is a skin condition that causes redness, itching, dryness, and inflammation. While the exact cause of eczema isn’t fully understood, avoiding common triggers can help reduce flare-ups. Mild eczema can often be managed with over-the-counter creams, but severe cases may require prescription treatments. Here’s a guide to common eczema triggers and how to manage them.
Why Do Eczema Flare-Ups Happen?
Eczema flare-ups occur when the skin becomes inflamed. This inflammation can be triggered by various factors, leading to symptoms like:
- Red, itchy rashes
- Dry, discolored skin
- Oozing or bleeding from scratching
- Sleep disturbances due to itching
While triggers vary from person to person, some are more common than others.
Common Eczema Triggers
1. Dry Skin
Dry skin can feel tight, rough, or scaly, making eczema worse. Scratching dry skin can also cause more irritation. To prevent this:
- Keep your skin moisturized, especially in dry or cold weather.
2. Stress and Anxiety
Stress doesn’t cause eczema, but it can worsen symptoms. When stressed, your body releases cortisol, which can lead to inflammation. Managing stress through therapy, relaxation techniques, or medication can help.
3. Weather Changes
Almost any weather change can trigger eczema. Cold, dry air or hot, humid conditions can affect your skin. To manage this:
- Moisturize in winter.
- Wear loose, breathable clothing in summer.
4. Diet
Certain foods, especially those you’re allergic to, can trigger eczema. Common culprits include milk, eggs, peanuts, and wheat. Inflammatory foods like sugary snacks, refined carbs, and gluten may also cause flare-ups. If you notice a link between food and eczema, talk to a doctor or dietitian.
5. Scented Products
Scented soaps, lotions, and perfumes can irritate the skin. If you’re sensitive to these products:
- Use hypoallergenic, fragrance-free items.
- Stop using any product that worsens your symptoms.
6. Fabrics
Some fabrics, like wool or polyester, can irritate the skin. To avoid this:
- Wear soft, breathable fabrics like cotton.
- Layer clothing to protect your skin from irritating materials.
7. Exercise
Sweating during exercise can trigger eczema. To reduce flare-ups:
- Work out during cooler times of the day.
- Shower and moisturize after exercising.
8. Hormonal Changes
Hormonal fluctuations, especially in women, can trigger eczema. If you notice a pattern, talk to your doctor about possible solutions.
9. Saliva (in Babies)
Drooling can dry out a baby’s skin, causing eczema patches on the cheeks and chin. To prevent this:
- Apply a gentle moisturizer or petroleum jelly.
10. Other Irritants
Everyday products can also trigger eczema, including:
- Cigarette smoke
- Metals like nickel
- Dust or dust mites
- Bacteria or viruses
How to Prevent Eczema Flare-Ups
While there’s no cure for eczema, you can reduce flare-ups by:
- Identifying triggers: Keep a journal to track what causes your symptoms.
- Moisturizing regularly: Use creams or ointments to keep your skin hydrated.
- Avoiding irritants: Stay away from products or materials that worsen your eczema.
How to Calm an Eczema Flare-Up
If lifestyle changes aren’t enough, these treatments may help:
- Over-the-counter creams: Antihistamines or moisturizers.
- Prescription treatments: Topical steroids or immunosuppressants.
- Light therapy: UV light to reduce inflammation.
FAQs
What causes eczema flare-ups in adults vs. children?
Triggers are similar for both, but stress may affect adults more.
Can eczema be cured?
No, but symptoms can be managed with proper care.
How long do flare-ups last?
Most flare-ups clear within a few days to a week. If they last longer, you may need stronger treatment.
What causes facial eczema?
Facial eczema can be triggered by skincare products, weather, or allergies.
Key Takeaways
Eczema is a common condition that can be managed by avoiding triggers and using the right treatments. Work with your doctor to create a plan that works for you. With proper care, you can reduce flare-ups and keep your skin healthy.